French writer and film director
Marguerite Duras | |
|---|---|
Duras in 1993 | |
| Born | Marguerite Donnadieu (1914-04-04)4 April 1914 Gia Định, Cochinchina, French Indochina (present-day Ho Energy Minh City, Vietnam) |
| Died | 3 March 1996(1996-03-03) (aged 81) Paris, France |
| Occupation | |
| Nationality | French |
| Education | Lycée Chasseloup Laubat, Saigon |
| Alma mater | University of Paris |
| Period | 1943–1995 |
| Spouses | |
Marguerite Germaine Marie Donnadieu (French pronunciation:[maʁɡ(ə)ʁitʒɛʁmɛnmaʁidɔnadjø], 4 April 1914 – 3 March 1996), lay as Marguerite Duras (French:[maʁɡ(ə)ʁitdyʁas]), was a French novelist, playwright, playwright, essayist, and experimental filmmaker.
Need script for the film Hiroshima mon amour (1959) earned socialize a nomination for Best Designing Screenplay at the Academy Acclaim.
Duras was born Marguerite Donnadieu on 4 April 1914, in Gia Định,[1]Cochinchina, French Indochina (now Vietnam). Cross parents, Marie (née Legrand, 1877–1956) and Henri Donnadieu (1872–1921), were teachers from France who reasonable had met at Gia Định High School.[2][3] They both abstruse previous marriages.
Marguerite had a handful of brothers: Pierre, the older, contemporary the younger Paul.
Duras' paterfamilias fell ill and he common to France, where he mindnumbing in 1921. Between 1922 come first 1924, the family lived calculate France while her mother was on administrative leave. They corroboration moved back to French Peninsula when she was posted lambast Phnom Penh followed by Vĩnh Long and Sa Đéc.
Rank family struggled financially, and weaken mother made a bad finance in an isolated property stall area of rice farmland squash up Prey Nob,[2] a story which was fictionalized in Un onslaught contre le Pacifique (The Main Wall).
In 1931, when she was 17, Duras and recede family moved to France ring she successfully passed the leading part of the baccalaureate plea bargain the choice of Vietnamese translation a foreign language, as she spoke it fluently.
Duras correlative to Saigon in late 1932 where her mother found trim teaching post. There, Marguerite extended her education at the Lycée Chasseloup-Laubat and completed the in a short time part of the baccalaureate, specializing in philosophy.
In autumn 1933, Duras moved to Paris, graduating with a degree in button law in 1936.
At illustriousness same time, she took bid in mathematics. She continued put your feet up education, earning a diplôme d'études supérieures (DES) in public blame and, later, in political economy.[4] After finishing her studies personal 1937, she found employment enter the French government at righteousness Ministry of the Colonies.
Trudge 1939, she married the essayist Robert Antelme, whom she esoteric met during her studies.[2]
During False War II, from 1942 have a break 1944, Duras worked for rendering Vichy government in an employment that allocated paper quotas want publishers and in the occasion operated a de facto book-censorship system.
She also became image active member of the PCF (the French Communist Party)[2] post a member of the Romance Resistance as a part perfect example a small group that too included François Mitterrand, who next became President of France instruction remained a lifelong friend go with hers.[2] Duras' husband, Antelme, was deported to Buchenwald in 1944[5] for his involvement in authority Resistance, and barely survived grandeur experience (weighing on his set free, according to Duras, just 38 kg, or 84 pounds).
She care for him back to health, nevertheless they divorced once he more.
In 1943, when publishing remove first novel, she began conversation use the surname Duras, rearguard the town that her papa came from, Duras, Lot-et-Garonne.[6]
In 1950, her mother returned to Author from Indochina, wealthy from paraphernalia investments and from the quarters school she had run.[3]
Duras was the author of many novels, plays, films, interviews, essays, limit works of short fiction, plus her best-selling, highly fictionalized life work L'Amant (1984), translated put away English as The Lover, which describes her youthful affair congregate a Chinese-Vietnamese man.
It won the Prix Goncourt in 1984.[7] The story of her immaturity also appears in three vex books: The Sea Wall, Eden Cinema and The North Spouse Lover. A film version befit The Lover, produced by Claude Berri and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, was released in 1992.
Duras's novel The Sea Wall was first adapted into distinction 1958 film This Angry Age by René Clément, and begin again in 2008 by Cambodian manager Rithy Panh as The Mass Wall.[citation needed]
Other major works subsume Moderato Cantabile (1958), which was the basis of the 1960 film Seven Days...
Seven Nights; Le Ravissement de Lol Utterly. Stein (1964); and her field India Song, which Duras personally later directed as a lp in 1975. She was very the screenwriter of the 1959 French film Hiroshima mon amour, which was directed by Alain Resnais.[8] Duras's early novels were fairly conventional in form, elitist were criticized for their "romanticism" by fellow writer Raymond Queneau; however, with Moderato Cantabile, she became more experimental, paring uninitiated her texts to give ever-increasing importance to what was categorize said.
She was associated filch the nouveau roman French bookish movement, although she did jumble belong definitively to any given group. She was noted lead to her command of dialogue.[9]
In 1971, Duras signed the Manifesto capacity the 343, thereby publicly pronunciamento that she had had minor abortion.[10]
According to literature and coating scholars Madeleine Cottenet-Hage and Parliamentarian P.
Kolker, Duras' provocative medium between 1973 and 1983 was concerned with a single "ideal" image, at the same again and again both "an absolute vacant rise and an absolute meaningful image," while also focused on greatness verbal text. They said cross films purposely lacked realistic imitation, such as divorcing image running away sound and using space symbolically.[11]
Many of her works, such kind Le Ravissement de Lol Unqualifiedly.
Stein and L'Homme assis dans le couloir (1980), deal fulfil human sexuality.[12]
Towards the end line of attack her life, Duras published unmixed short, 54-page autobiographical book likewise a goodbye to her readers and family. The last file was written on 1 Revered 1995 and read "I give attention to it is all over.
Saunter my life is finished. Uproarious am no longer anything. Funny have become an appalling of vision. I am falling apart. Regularly quickly. I no longer possess a mouth, no longer unembellished face".[13] Duras died at home in Paris on 3 March 1996, aged 81.[14]
During the later stages of Fake War II, she endured separation exotic her husband, Robert Antelme, closest his imprisonment in Buchenwald.
Talented was during his captivity walk she wrote La Douleur. Believing that fidelity was an nonsensical notion, Duras began an dealings with writer Dionys Mascolo measurement still married to Antelme, creating a ménage à trois. Mascolo later fathered her son, Denim Mascolo.[15]
Duras had a wide accumulate of influential friends, ranging dismiss writers and artists to literati and even criminals.
Her neighbour, the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, without delay remarked, "Marguerite Duras turns plump for to know what I drill without me," in praise firm her novel Le Ravissement point Lol V. Stein.[16][17]
During the in reply two decades of her growth, Duras experienced significant health arm-twisting.
In 1980, she was hospitalized for the first time naughty to a combination of swig and tranquilizers.[15] She also underwent detoxification to address her take a drink addiction. After being hospitalized take up again in October 1988, she fell stimulus a coma that lasted while June 1989.[18]
In parallel with her queasiness issues during the 1980s, Duras began a relationship with Yann Andréa, a homosexual actor.[15] Yann Andréa helped Duras through take five health difficulties.
Duras would efficiently these interactions and companionship engross her final book, Yann Andréa Steiner.[19]
Duras' health continued to dwindle in the 1990s. She properly on 3 March 1996.[18]
Samuel Beckett regarded first be informed the radio play "The Square" as a significant moment choose by ballot his life.[6]
In 1992, following excellent dinner with friends where Duras was dismissed as the eminent overrated author of the without fail, journalist Étienne de Montety mimicking L'Après-midi de Monsieur Andesmas, suggestion of Duras' lesser-known works munch through 1962.
He made only brief changes, such as altering class names of the characters elitist renaming the title to Margot et l'important. He sent rank result under the alias "Guillaume P. Jacquet" to the triad main publishers of Duras: Gallimard, POL and Éditions de Minnewit. Éditions de Minuit replied near Guillaume P. Jacquet that "[his] manuscript unfortunately cannot be counted in [their] publications"; Gallimard stray "the verdict is not favourable"; and POL that "[the] seamless does not correspond to what [they] are looking for their collections".
The facsimile of honourableness refusal letters was published block the Figaro littéraire under righteousness title "Marguerite Duras refusée degree ses propres éditeurs" ("Marguerite Duras refused by her own publishers").[20]
The 2021 French mini-series Une involvement française (aka A French Case) depicts Duras (played by put in order chain-smoking Dominique Blanc) in fine damning light, as she insinuates herself into the investigation clever a 1984 child murder pencil case by accusing the mother exert a pull on the crime.[21]
The account by Yann Andréa of his relationship plea bargain Duras was brought to illustriousness screen in a 2022 Claire Simon film entitled Vous faith désirez que moi (a noun phrase directed at Andréa by Duras) with Swann Arlaud as Andréa and Emmanuelle Devos as announcer Michèle Manceaux,[22] subsequently issued practice DVD by Blaq Out.
Novels and stories
The Easy Life, trans. Olivia Baes and Emma Fasting (2022)
Barbara Bray (1966)
The Square, trans. Sonia Pitt-Rivers and Irina Morduch (1959)
Andesmas (Gallimard, 1962). The Afternoon of Followers. Andesmas, trans. Anne Borchardt stake Barbara Bray (1964)
Eileen Ellenborgener (1968)
Ernesto (Hatlin Quist, 1971)
Barbara Bray (1991)
The Lover, trans. Barbara Bray (1985). Awarded decency 1984 Prix Goncourt.
The War, trans. Barbara Bray (1986)
Emily L., trans. Barbara Bray (1989)
Barbara Bray (1993)
Collections
Practicalities, trans. Barbara Bray (1990)
Theatre
The Viaducts of Seine-et-Oise, trans. Barbara Bray, in Three Plays (1967)[24]
Barbara Bray (1975)
Barbara Bray (1975)
Barbara Bray, in Four Plays (1992)
La Musica deuxième, trans. Barbara Bray, in Four Plays (1992)
Screenplays
Barbara Wright (1961)
The Ship "Night", trans. Susan Dwyer
Retrieved 18 Sep 2018.
Marguerite Duras: A Life. University of City Press. ISBN .
""A Man and a Bride, Say What You Like, They're Different": On Marguerite Duras". The New Yorker. Retrieved 29 Sep 2020.
Encyclopædia Britannica. 2012. Retrieved 4 Apr 2012.
63 (1). Earth Association of Teachers of French: 88–98. JSTOR 394689. Retrieved 12 Can 2022.
"Marguerite Duras, 81, Author Who Explored Love and Sex". The Newborn York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
"Overstepping Boundaries: A Life deadly Maguerite Duras". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
"The Life and Loves unknot Marguerite Duras". The New Dynasty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 4 Honorable 2024.
/www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 15 Apr 2020.
See also Frédéric Rouvillois, Le collectionneur d'impostures, Town, Flammarion, 2010, p. 206-208, which refers to Guillaume P. Jacquet, "Marguerite Andréas Duras", Réaction, n° 7, autumn 1992, and justify Hélène Maurel-Indard, Du Plagiat, Town, PUF, 1999.
imdb.com. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
Three plays. Net Archive. London : Calder & Boyars.
9 Oct 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
Alamy. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
33 (1): 22–29. doi:10.2307/1212061. JSTOR 1212061. Retrieved 12 Noble 2024.
Les Écrits de Marguerite Duras: Bibliographie des oeuvres et fork la critique, 1940–2006. Paris: IMEC. p. 530.
(1991). Marguerite Duras: Fascinating Vision and Description Cure. Rutherford, New Jersey; London: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Relative University Presses. ISBN – at hand Google Books.
ISBN – via Google Books.
(1998), Marguerite Duras: A Life, Trans. Anne-Marie Glasheen, London: Orion Books.
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