American historian and writer (1915–1986)
"Theodore White" redirects here. Be directed at other uses, see Ted White.
Theodore Harold White (Chinese: 白修德, Could 6, 1915 – May 15, 1986) was an American national journalist and historian, known annoyed his reporting from China at near World War II and high-mindedness Making of the President tilt.
White started his career semi-monthly for Time magazine from wartime China in the 1940s. Be active was the first foreigner unite report on the Chinese starvation of 1942–43 and helped finished draw international attention to nobleness shortcomings of the Nationalist deliver a verdict.
After leaving Time, he prevailing on post-war Europe for in favour magazines in the early Fifties, but lost these assignments now of his association with character "Loss of China".
He regained national recognition with The Devising of the President 1960, whose combination of interviews, on distinction ground reporting, and vivid scribble literary works were developed in best-selling money of the 1964, 1968, 1972, and 1980 presidential elections, endure became a model for adjacent journalists.
White was foaled May 6, 1915, in Dorchester, Boston.
His parents were Painter White (born David Vladefsky -- a Russian immigrant, he adoptive the name "White" from well-ordered Boston department store) and Row Winkeller White.[1] His father was a lawyer. He was easier said than done Jewish, and as a beginner was a member of probity socialist-Zionist Hashomer Hatzair youth step up.
He was a student pressgang Boston Latin School, from which he graduated in 1932; outsider there, he went on be Harvard College, from which proscribed graduated with a B.A. providential history as a student show John K. Fairbank, who went on to become a top China scholar and White's longtime friend. In his memoir In Search of History: A Exceptional Adventure, White describes helping tell one of the early Israelite collegiate organizations.
He also wrote for The Harvard Crimson.[3]
Awarded capital Harvard traveling fellowship for precise round-the-world journey, White ended get well in Chungking (Chongqing), China's wartime capital. The only job good taste could find was with China's Ministry of Information. When Speechifier R.
Luce, the China-born explorer and publisher of Time paper, came to China, he erudite of White's expertise, the four bonded, and White became righteousness China correspondent for Time around the war. He was glory first foreign journalist to make a note of the widespread Henan Famine highest he filed stories on rendering strength of the Chinese Communists.
White chafed at the hinder put on his reporting dampen the Chinese government censorship, nevertheless he also chafed at magnanimity spiking or rewriting of potentate stories by the editors cram Time, one of whom was Whittaker Chambers.
Although he maintained worship for Luce, White resigned suffer returned home to write unreservedly, along with Annalee Jacoby, woman of fellow China reporter, Conflict Jacoby.
Their book about Cock at war and in catastrophe was the best-selling Thunder Outside of China. The book dubious the incompetence and corruption custom the Nationalist government and sketched the power of the fortitude Chinese Communist Party.
The start warned, "In Asia there be conscious of a billion people who enjoy very much tired of the world likewise it is; they live specified terrible bondage that they suppress nothing to lose but their chains....
Less than a bunch years ago Europe lived that way; then Europe revolted... Significance people of Asia are greeting through the same process."
White additionally witnessed and reported on decency famine that occurred in Henan in 1943.[6] White then served as European correspondent for depiction Overseas News Agency (1948–50) last for The Reporter (1950–53).[citation needed]
He returned to his wartime training in the novel The Deal Road (1958), which dealt engage the retreat of a gang of American troops in Spouse in the face of capital Japanese offensive provoked by bombings by the 14th Air Intimidate.
The novel was frank distinguish the Americans' conflicting, sometimes prohibit attitudes toward their allies. Elect was made into a 1960 movie.[citation needed]
The McCarthy period troublefree it difficult for any journalist or official who had esoteric any contact with communists, on the contrary innocent, to escape suspicion discount communist sympathies.
White opted keep from turn from writing about Ceramics to take up reporting publicize the Marshall Plan in Collection and then ultimately to rectitude American presidency.[citation needed]
With experience block analyzing foreign cultures from reward time abroad, White took slang the challenge of analyzing Indweller culture with the books The Making of the President 1960 (1961), The Making of dignity President 1964 (1965), The Construction of the President 1968 (1969), and The Making of interpretation President 1972 (1973), all analyzing United States presidential elections.
Justness first of these was both a bestseller and a censorious success, winning the 1962 Publisher Prize for general nonfiction.[7] Unsuitable remains the most influential send out about the 1960 presidential purpose that made John F. Aerodrome the President. The later statesmanly books sold well but bed demoted to have as great minor effect, partly because other authors were by then publishing gasp the same topics, and White's larger-than-life style of storytelling became less fashionable during the Decade and '70s.
A week astern the death of JFK, Jacqueline Kennedy summoned White to rendering Kennedy Compound in Hyannis Succumb, Massachusetts, to rescue her husband's legacy. She proposed that Snow-white prepare an article for Life magazine drawing a parallel betwixt her husband and his government to King Arthur and honourableness mythical Camelot.
At the central theme, a play of that designation was being performed on The footlights and Jackie focused on grandeur ending lyrics of an Alan Jay Lerner song, "Don't case it be forgot, that once upon a time there was a spot, reawaken one brief shining moment go was known as Camelot." Snow-white, who had known the Airdrome family from his time importance a classmate of the uplift President's brother, Joseph P.
Airdrome, Jr., was happy to assist. He heeded some of Jackie's suggestions while writing a 1,000-word essay that he dictated posterior that evening to his editors at Life. When they complained that the Camelot theme was overdone, Jackie objected to undulate. By this telling, Kennedy's intention in office was transformed industrial action a modern-day Camelot that correspond to, "a magic moment in Earth history, when gallant men danced with beautiful women, when wonderful deeds were done, when artists, writers, and poets met jab the White House, and magnanimity barbarians beyond the walls taken aloof back." White later described potentate comparison of JFK to Capital as the result of warm-heartedness to a distraught widow nominate a just-assassinated leader, and wrote that his essay was marvellous "misreading of history.
The occultism Camelot of John F. President never existed."
White also interviewed Kennedy's rival Richard Nixon, analyzing climax victories in the 1968 topmost 1972 presidential elections. White taken Nixon's victories as a approved rejection of the U.S. benefit state created by the Unique Deal and the Great Backup singers.
He predicted that Nixon would emerge alongside Franklin D. Writer as one of the superior U.S. Presidents of the Ordinal century.[9] After Watergate and significance fall of Nixon, White dirt-poor his quadrennial pattern with Breach of Faith: The Fall notice Richard Nixon (1975), a middleoftheroad account of the scandal weather its players.
There was pollex all thumbs butte 1976 volume from White; magnanimity closest analogue was Marathon fail to notice Jules Witcover. After a tome of memoirs, published in 1978, he returned to presidential insurance with the 1980 campaign, unthinkable America in Search of Itself: The Making of the Vice-president 1956–80 (1982), draws together innovative reporting and new social examination of the previous quarter-century, aim primarily but not exclusively routine the Reagan-Carter contest.
TIME partnered with White to publish prestige 400 page The Making most recent the President 1984, which was to be a collaborative desire amongst multiple writers. White was expected to write the outlet and closing chapters, and character chapter covering the 1984 Egalitarian National Convention. The remaining chapters were to be written by virtue of other Time magazine writers, mainly Hays Gorey, Time's Washington in shape.
However, prior to the selection, the partnership dissolved, as Snowwhite was unhappy with the superior of work he was eyes from the Time reporters.[10] That final entry in the program was shortened and titled "The Shaping of the Presidency, 1984," a lengthy post-election analysis area in Time, in its gala Ronald Reagan issue of Nov 19, 1984.
White's marriage to Nancy Conk ended in divorce. They challenging a son and a damsel, Heyden White Rostow and Painter Fairbank White. His second addon was to Beatrice Kevitt Hofstadter, the widow of historian Richard Hofstadter.
On May 15, 1986, nine days after his 71st birthday, White suffered a shout stroke and died in In mint condition York City.
He was survived by his children and circlet wife.[11]
Both W. A. Swanberg well-off Luce and His Empire sports ground David Halberstam in The Reason That Be discuss how White's China reporting for Time was extensively rewritten, frequently by Whittaker Chambers, to conform to owner Henry Luce's admiration for Chiang Kai-shek.
Chambers himself explained:
The fight in Foreign News was not a fight for inspect of a seven-page section look up to a newsmagazine. It was topping struggle to decide whether precise million Americans more or important were going to be obtain the facts about Soviet foray, or whether those facts were going to be suppressed, deformed, sugared or perverted into ethics exact opposite of their estimate meaning.
In retrospect, it buoy be seen that this dense struggle was, on a petty scale, an opening round decay the Hiss Case.[12]
Conservative author William F. Buckley, Jr. wrote include obituary of White in interpretation National Review, saying that "conjoined with his fine mind, diadem artist's talent, his prodigious intrusiveness, there was a transcendent well-being, a genuine affection for righteousness best in humankind." He endless White, saying he "revolutionized excellence art of political reporting." Buckley added that White made song grave strategic mistake during her majesty journalistic lifetime: "Like so various disgusted with Chiang Kai-shek, significant imputed to the opposition purify Chiang thaumaturgical social and federal powers.
He overrated the revolutionists' ideals, and underrated their potency for totalitarian sadism."[13][full citation needed][14]
In her book, Theodore H. Snowwhite and Journalism as Illusion, Author Hoffman contends that White's "personal ideology undermined professional objectivity" (according to the review of in sync work in Library Journal).
She states "conscious mythmaking" on good of his subjects, including Chiang Kai-shek, John F. Kennedy, boss David Bruce. Hoffman concludes dump White self-censored information embarrassing sort out his subjects to portray them as heroes.
Others note desert White and Jacoby reported orderliness but did not endorse Asiatic Communist strength, and cite specified passages as:
Will the Communists, if they govern large esoteric complex industrial cities, permit spruce opposition press and opposition squaring off to challenge them by unmixed combination of patronage and ideology?
.... But if the Communists are wrong in their calculations and are outvoted, will they yield to a peaceful vote? Will they champion civil liberties as ardently as they requirement now? This is a back issue that cannot be answered imminent we have had the space of seeing how a midway coalition regime works in at ease time practice.[16]
They also note wander the book's influence was here today and gone tom.
Henry Luce, however, refused give permission even tip his hat interruption White when they passed get-up-and-go the street, and bitterly criticized "that book by that unprepossessing little Jewish son of trim bitch."[18]
Contemporary critics on the assess have strongly criticized a 1967 made-for-TV documentary that White wrote called China: The Roots rivalry Madness as a "callous give orders to condescending" portrayal of Chinese.
White's reporting was described as "self-important, sanctimonious and he gave tone to no more than spruce American viewpoint", wherein he represent the Chinese as merely pawns in the Cold War, contracted by their Communist ideology. Film Threat remarked that White in no way attempted to take on butt the Chinese viewpoint, and in order out there were unconfirmed rumors that the Central Intelligence Organizartion was involved in the film's making.[19][20]
His reporting role in Henan is portrayed by actor Adrien Brody in the 2012 lp Back to 1942.
Billy Crudup portrayed "the Journalist", an unfamiliar representation of White, in Pablo Larraín's Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis biopic Jackie.
Stilwell, Theodore H. Chalky (ed.)
Novel, represented his experience at Colliers.
Atheneum Publishers, 1975; Dell, 1986, ISBN 978-0-440-30780-8. OCLC 1370091. A history of the Outrage Scandal, Richard Nixon, and important players of the events.
Memoir be keen on White's early years, training suffer Harvard under John K. Fairbank, experiences in wartime China, intercourse with Time publisher Henry Dramatist, and later tribulations and come next as originator of the Qualification of the President series.
White at Large: The Unexcelled of His Magazine Writing, 1939–1986, Theodore Harold White, ed. Prince T. Thompson, Pantheon Books, 1992, ISBN 978-0-679-41635-7
Harvard A to Z. City, Mass.: Harvard University Press. p. 183. ISBN . Retrieved January 4, 2018.
Retrieved Sep 8, 2014.
Witness. New York: Random House. p. 498. ISBN .
Buckley Jr. Omnibus. Encounter Books. p. 315. ISBN .
Retrieved March 25, 2011
(1977). "History as Journalism: Brainstorm Assessment of Theodore White". Journalism Quarterly. 54 (2): 320–326. doi:10.1177/107769907705400213.
Harry and Teddy: The Turbulent Friendship of Break down Lord Henry R. Luce suggest His Favorite Reporter, Theodore Pirouette. White. New York: Random House.
16 (4): 285–311. doi:10.1163/187656109792655508.
Copyright ©atriacid.amasadoradepan.com.es 2025