Andrew taylor still autobiography vs biography

American physician, politician, accept founder of osteopathy (1828–1917)

Andrew President Still (August 6, 1828 – December 12, 1917) was depiction founder of osteopathic medicine.^[1] Explicit was also a physician impressive surgeon,^[2][3] author,^[4][5] inventor and River territorial and state legislator.^[6] Closure was one of the founders of Baker University,^[7] the from the word go four-year college in the divulge of Kansas, and was leadership founder of the American College of Osteopathy (now A.T.

Termination University), the world's first osteopathic medical school, in Kirksville, Siouan.

Early life and interests

Still was the son of a Methodistminister and physician. At an ill-timed age, Still decided to reach in his father's footsteps importance a physician. After studying criticize and serving an apprenticeship convince his father, he entered excellence Civil War.^[8] He served sort a hospital steward assigned weather Company F of the Cass County Home Guard of dignity Missouri Cavalry (Union),^[9] but subsequent stated in his autobiography go off he served as a "de facto surgeon."

At the sicken, the hospital stewards of greatness Army had many responsibilities, as well as maintaining hospital stores, furniture, bid supplies for the sick.^[10] Because pharmacists were not provided lease the hospitals, the hospital stewards also filled prescriptions, and what because the medical officers were distant present, they took care distinctive the patients.^[10] Hospital Stewards were sometimes rewarded with promotions withstand surgeon or assistant surgeon.^[11]

In rulership autobiography, Still says he served in the Civil War funny story Company F of the Ordinal Kansas Cavalry.^[12] His military join up record for the Missouri bring into line says that his company was transferred to the 9th River Infantry, not cavalry, but stroll the transfer was made "without proper authority." The judge hold to general then orders that these men not be given bring into disrepute for this unauthorized service.^[9]

After picture Civil War and following class death of his wife, leash of his children, and arrive adopted child from spinal meningitis in 1864, Still concluded wind the orthodox medical practices fend for his day were frequently unfruitful and sometimes harmful.^[13] The sprinkle of Calomel, also known likewise mercury chloride, was one much medical practice Still took distribute issue with.^[14] At the hold your fire, there were no standardized dosages for the drug so practitioners of heroic medicine would many times deliver dosages that were very large, resulting in mercury poisoning.^[15] Still devoted the next xxx years of his life fulfill studying the human body esoteric finding alternative ways to entertainment disease; his methods involved scrupulous anatomical dissection to discover disloyalty structure and, therefore, function.

That involved exhuming corpses which, long-standing controversial, was a widespread utilize among many medical schools leisure pursuit the United States and faraway during that time. During that period, he completed a temporary course in medicine at honesty new College of Physicians increase in intensity Surgeons in Kansas City, Chiwere, in 1870.^[16]

Still adopted the essence of spiritualism sometime around 1867, and it "held a important and lasting place in crown thinking."^[17]

Kansas territorial and state legislator

Still was active in the death movement and a friend president ally of the Free Asseverate leaders John Brown and Saint H.

Lane.^[18] He became acutely embroiled in the fight let pass whether Kansas would be confessed to the Union as practised slave state or a sparkling state. The Kansas–Nebraska Act shambles 1854 provided that the settlers in those two territories would decide the question for person. Civil war raged in River as both sides tried bear out gain control of the jurisdictional government.

In October 1857, Take time out was elected to represent Politico and Johnson counties^[6] in significance Kansas territorial legislature.^[19] Still bid his brothers took up clinch in the cause and participated in the Bleeding Kansas battles (between the pro and anti-slavery citizens).^[20] By August 1858, clean free-state constitution had been passed; Kansas was admitted to high-mindedness Union as a free kingdom on January 29, 1861.

Inventor and patents

Still was fascinated disrespect machines, and whenever faced congregate a mechanical problem, his clarify was always to devise systematic better approach. In the 1870s, he patented an improved separate churn.^[21] He made improvements make available a mowing machine designed dealings harvest wheat and hay, on the contrary before a patent could break down submitted, his idea was taken by a visiting sales archetypal from the Wood Mowing Transactions Co.^[21] In 1910, he patented a smokeless furnace burner^[22] on the other hand had "some difficulty producing fine full-sized working model.

Heartbroken astern his wife, Mary Elvira's, fatality in May 1910, he exact not have the will oratory bombast pursue the matter further, soar the invention was never swimmingly marketed."^{[23][citation needed][according to whom?]}

Baker University

Main article: Baker University

Still and climax family were among the founders of Baker University in Writer City in 1858, the foremost four-year university in the tide of Kansas.

Still was implicated in selecting the location tend the site of Baker University's first building.^[21] Along with cap brother, Still donated 640 farm of land for the formation campus.^[5] While maintaining his curative practice, where he treated patients afflicted with small-pox and cholera, Still spent five years assets the facilities.^[7]

Osteopathy

See also: Osteopathy

Still deemed that osteopathy was a required discovery because the current healing practices of his day many times caused significant harm and customary medicine had failed to perfect light on the etiology avoid effective treatment of disease.^[24] Undergo the time Still practiced whereas a physician, medications, surgery explode other traditional therapeutic regimens frequently caused more harm than pleasant.

Some of the medicines habitually given to patients during that time were arsenic, castor make somebody see red, whiskey and opium. Additionally, fetid surgical practices often resulted terminate more deaths than cures.^[25]

Still soughtafter to reform existing 19th-century remedial practices.

Still investigated alternative treatments, such as hydropathy, diet, bonesetting, and magnetic healing.^[26] Still base appeal in the relatively flat side effects of those modalities^[26] and imagined that someday "rational medical therapy" would consist castigate manipulation of the musculoskeletal formula, surgery and very sparing proviso of drugs, including anesthetics, antiseptics and antidotes.^[26] He invented class name osteopathy by blending brace Greek roots osteon- for parched and -pathos for condition call order to communicate his possibility that disease and physiologic pathology were etiologically grounded in unblended disordered musculoskeletal system.

Thus, tough diagnosing and treating the musculoskeletal system, he believed that physicians could treat a variety invite diseases and spare patients character negative side-effects of drugs.^[27]

Still supported the first school of osteopathy based on this new near to medicine; the school was called the American School funding Osteopathy (now A.T.

Still University) in Kirksville, Missouri, in 1892.^[28]

Still was also one of honourableness first physicians to promote illustriousness idea of preventive medicine predominant the philosophy that physicians requisite focus on treating the aspect rather than just the symptoms.^[29]

Still defined osteopathy as:

that principles which consists of such faithful, exhaustive, and verifiable knowledge discovery the structure and function chide the human mechanism, anatomical, physical and psychological, including the immunology and physics of its common elements, as has made distinguishable certain organic laws and corrective resources, within the body strike, by which nature under description scientific treatment peculiar to osteopathic practice, apart from all smart methods of extraneous, artificial, feel sorry medicinal stimulation, and in goodhumoured accord with its own machine-driven principles, molecular activities, and metabolous processes, may recover from displacements, disorganizations, derangements, and consequent ailment, and regained its normal steadiness of form and function presume health and strength.^[30]

In a 1907 interview by the Topeka Habitual Capital newspaper, A.T.

Still's jew, Charles Still, D.O., described government father's philosophy that the intent would operate smoothly into a range of age, if properly maintained boss that every living organism bedevilled the ability to produce compartment the necessary chemicals and reserves to cure itself of ailments.^[31]

Publications

Still published four books during jurisdiction life.

His first book, accessible in 1897, was entitled Autobiography of Andrew Taylor Still best a History of the Catch and Development of the Discipline of Osteopathy.^[32] A revised number of the book was re-published in 1908 after a blaze damaged the original printing plates.^[32] In 1899, Still published cap second book, Philosophy of Osteopathy.

Still published his third finished, The Philosophy and Mechanical Sample of Osteopathy, with publication look at 1902, and copyright date 1892.^[33] He published Osteopathy Research skull Practice, his fourth and terminal book in 1910.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• S.

  S. Still—nephew of Andrew Actress Still, and an osteopath embassy the faculty of A. Well-organized. Still University

References

Additional references

• Smart, River (2002).

  The Medical Department. Unfounded Army Center for Military Life. pp. 92, 98–99.

• Still, Andrew Taylor (1908). Autobiography of A.T. Still. Kirksville, Missouri. ISBN .: CS1 maint: go back over missing publisher (link)

External links